1 Later rabbinic sources indicate a common contempt for the occupation in the years after Jesus, warning the pious not to buy wool, milk or kids from shepherds, assuming they were stolen, and noting that shepherds were not allowed to testify as witnesses in a court of law. They were lower-class peasants who were considered untrustworthy and whose work rendered them ceremonially unclean. While shepherding as a profession historically included illustrious company like Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, David and Amos, by the time of Jesus it had fallen into disrepute. The recipients, however, were not necessarily those we would expect. The message was certainly momentous, and the heavenly declaration befitting a heavenly King. It must have been an awesome sight: the Judean darkness shattered by celestial glory and an angel of the Lord proclaiming the birth of the Messiah. Today in the town of David a Savior has been born to you he is the Messiah, the Lord (Lk 2:8-11). I bring you good news that will cause great joy for all the people. But the angel said to them, “Do not be afraid. An angel of the Lord appeared to them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them, and they were terrified. Ancient Near Eastern and Biblical ChronologiesĪnd there were shepherds living out in the fields nearby, keeping watch over their flocks at night.People, Places, and Things in the New Testament. ![]() People, Places, and Things in the Hebrew Bible.Inspiration, Authority, Biblical Criticism and the Documentary Hypothesis.Ancient Manuscripts, Translations, and Texts.Amazing Discoveries in Biblical Archaeology.Life & Ministry of Jesus & the Apostles.When Scripture speaks of submission between any two persons, such as within a marriage (Ephesians 5:22–24 Titus 2:9 3:1 Hebrews 13:17), it allows no condescension from one to the other. Jesus is God incarnate (John 1:1, 14)-He is literally the divine Creator and Master of the very parents to whom He submits. This remark also helps to clarify that submission in no sense implies inferiority. When His family arrived and wanted Him to leave, He did so, as part of a pattern of godly obedience (Exodus 20:12). His remaining in the temple wasn't an act of rebellion. Rather, it seems Luke is clarifying that Jesus' attitude continued to be submissive. His remark does not suggest that Jesus was, only now, after the incident in the temple, being submissive to His parents. Luke's comment here about Jesus' submission resolves several interesting debates about the Bible and Jesus' early life. ![]() Though she does not understand, at first (Luke 2:50), she remains open to the work of God in her life (Luke 1:38). This is the same way she reacted when shepherds arrived to see the newborn Jesus (Luke 2:19). That she "treasures" what is happening implies that she deliberately chooses to remember it-holding it in her mind as something worth maintaining. In response to this, Mary once again is said to pay special attention. ![]() Though Mary is upset that He "mistreated" her (Luke 2:48), He reassures her that the temple is the only place she should have expected Him to be. One such incident is her frustration when a twelve-year-old Jesus is accidentally left behind in Jerusalem, only to be found three days later in the temple (Luke 2:41–47). Like anyone else, she would have had moments of doubt, confusion, or misunderstanding. Mary does not understand everything which happens to her with perfect knowledge.
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